Importantly, a recent meta-analysis that included 38 studies and 11, 577 patients with and without prior ASCVD confirmed the association of higher levels of PAI-1 [e.g., a mean difference of 6.11 ng/mL (95% CI, 3.27–8.96, P < 0.001) between cases and controls] with the development of major adverse cardiac events including death, myocardial infarction and cerebral vascular events (25). Here, SERPINE1 is linked to myocardial infarction.