GSK3B and breast cancer: For example, in MDA-MB-231 human breast epithelial cells, by activating the p38 MAPK/ERK-GSK-3β pathway (Choi et al., 2012), in human breast cancer epithelial cells MCF7, through activation of the AKT-GSK-3β pathway (Gavilán et al., 2013) or in macrophages, epithelial and endothelial cells, by modulating the mitochondrial/AMPK signaling axis (Jiang et al., 2015).