AKT1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: Lupeol significantly decreases the expression of RAS protein in the human pancreatic cancer cell line ASPC-1, regulates the protein expression of protein kinase C, phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and significantly decreases the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway (Murtaza et al., 2009).