In thyroid cancer, phosphorylation and activation of ETS factor ELK1 by BRAF/MAPK pathway were necessary for thyroid-specific FOXE1 recruitment to TERT promoter via direct ELK1–FOXE1 interaction and this recruitment was independent from cis-acting mutations of TERT promoter (49). This evidence concerns the gene ELK1 and thyroid gland carcinoma.