Besides, as a major breakthrough in cancer therapy, immunotherapies represented by immunological checkpoint blockade (PD-1/L1 and CTLA-4) proved promising clinical efficacy, and previous study proved that the combination treatment with anti-PD-1 antibodies and sorafenib exhibited a more potent antitumor effect, but only a small number of patients could achieve durable responses [31, 32], so identifying the HCC patients suitable for sorafenib treatment or anti-PD-1 immunotherapy or their combination therapy might be urgent and clinically significant. Here, CTLA4 is linked to cancer.