Based on biological function analysis and pathway enrichment of DEGs, we found that these genes were mainly enriched in key pathways, such as autophagy, the ERBB2 signaling pathway, and process utilizing autophagic mechanism, indicating that 24 autophagy-associated DEGs may be involved in the development, progression, and drug resistance of head and neck cancer. The gene discussed is ERBB2; the disease is head and neck cancer.