In this review, we discovered that the SNPs in <i>IL1B, IL6, IL4, IL10, IL12B, IL1A, IFNG, TNF, PTGS2, CTSG, vitamin D receptor</i> (<i>VDR</i>), <i>MMP1, PLAT</i>, and <i>BAX</i> increased the risk of bacterial osteomyelitis, whereas those in <i>IL1RN</i> and <i>TLR2</i> could protect against osteomyelitis. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and osteomyelitis.