RETN and infection: In addition to controlling bacterial burden by direct antimicrobial action, evidence suggests that resistin can indirectly resist microbial invasion/infection by modulating host cellular function, such as activating immune cells and enhancing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting inflammation induced by microbial products, promoting the formation of NETs, acting as chemokines and/or inducing chemokines production, and enhancing the expression of IFN λ.