In the pathogenesis of CD, the CD4+ T cells of the lamina propria are the central element, which recognize gliadin peptides modified by the enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2), with HLA-DQ2/DQ8 restriction, releasing cytokines involved in inflammation and the development of histological disorders (9, 10). The gene discussed is TGM2; the disease is Cowden disease.