In the lung, EV71 infection led to changes in the proteins involved in infectious diseases (H2-L, STAT1, PI3K, Tap2, CDKN1B, RIG-I, β2m, FcγR, NOX2, and p22phox), phagosome (H2-L, FcγR, NOX2, p22phox, Tap2, and Cathepsin S), antigen processing and presentation (H2-L, β2m, Tap2, and Cathepsin S), AGE-RAGE signaling pathway (STAT1, PI3K, NOX2, and CDKN1B), arginine biosynthesis (Arginase-1 and Otc), NLR signaling pathway (STAT1, NOX2, p22phox, and Gbp4), and HIF-1 signaling pathway (NOX2, PI3K, and CDKN1B) (Figures 4B,C and Supplementary Table 6). This evidence concerns the gene CDKN1B and infectious disease.