• Comparison of 3xTg-AD (Alzheimer's disease) mice with non-Tg mice showed decrease Pv levels in Pv+ interneurons in CA1 region of hippocampus in AD mice (51). • Tetanus-toxin-induced lesions of Pv+ interneurons and role in social memory (21). • E2 signaling in TMT-treated rats upregulates Gad67 and parvalbumin production in Pv+ interneurons. Sexual dimorphism (61). Here, PVALB is linked to Alzheimer disease.