The upregulated genes associated with endometriosis in humans are related to cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase–Akt (PI3K–Akt) signaling pathway, pathway in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, ECM–receptor interaction, Ras signaling pathway, toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, forkhead box protein O signaling pathway, focal adhesion, etc. Based on the above analyses, the rat model of endometriosis may be suitable for investigating the transcriptome level. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is endometriosis.