NCT00348309 (REFLECT-2): Average N = 464, average age, 74.1 years, 60% F, 90.67% White, balanced for APOE ε4. ADAS-Cog mean baseline, 25.3; MMSE mean baseline, 19.46. NCT00348140 (REFLECT-3): Average N = 476.3, average, 73.9 years old, 55.6% F, 91.76% White, balanced for APOE ε4. ADAS-Cog mean baseline, 24.1; MMSE mean baseline, 19.7. Subjects with history of T1DM or subjects with T2DM taking medications* to control glucose were excluded. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.