Although the present study included a relatively low number of participants with eGFR levels consistent with advanced CKD (ie, eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2), increased levels of Apo-B were clearly present even at the earliest stages of CKD and may contribute importantly to progressively increased atherosclerotic disease risk in people with progressively low eGFR, a risk that is reduced by statin-based therapies (12,15). Here, APOB is linked to chronic kidney disease.