GDF11 and myocardial infarction: Previous reports have demonstrated that a shorter leukocyte TL is associated with a worse clinical outcome in patients with ischemic heart failure, that patients with previous myocardial infarction have a 20% shorter leukocyte TL than patients without myocardial infarction, and that both leukocyte TL and GDF11 are inversely correlated with age [46].