MBP and clostridium difficile infection: The combination of MBP plus OAP versus MBP alone was associated with a significant reduction in SSI (RR = 0.51, P < 0.00001), anastomotic leak (RR = 0.62, P < 0.00001), 30-day mortality (RR = 0.58, P < 0.0001), overall morbidity (RR = 0.67, P < 0.00001), and postoperative ileus (RR = 0.72, P = 0.04), with no difference in Clostridium difficile infection rates.