PRKN and Parkinson disease: Interestingly, several familial PD-linked proteins, affected by disease-causing recessive mutations in PINK-1/ PRKN (Parkin) and DJ-1 (PARK7) genes and in the dominantly inherited LRRK2 gene, influence the autophagy-lysosomal pathway in response to mitochondrial damage in an mTOR-independent manner [288, 289].