5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside, an agonist of AMPK, ameliorates the severity of inflammatory diseases by reducing nuclear translocation of NF-κB and thus inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and IBD (25, 27). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.