To illustrate the principle, Ewing’s sarcoma was selected, which harbors the t(11:22)(q24:q212) translocation that generates EWS-FLI, a fusion between EWSR1 (Ewing’s sarcoma breakpoint region 1) and the ETS transcription factor FLI1 (Friend leukemia integration 1) genes9. The gene discussed is EWSR1; the disease is Ewing sarcoma.