Only two studies reported a significant association: first, in a small (n = 105) Brazilian population, the rs2583988-TT genotype was found to significantly reduce the risk of depression, defined using the Beck Depression Inventory (OR 0.21; p = 0.046)35, and second, a large study in China (n = 1047) found that a REP1 “risk allele” (in this study defined by the copy number of a CA repeat) was associated with a decreased risk for the presence of mild-to-marked depression defined using the Hamilton Rating Scale for depression (OR 0.54; p = 0.049)44. The gene discussed is CHM; the disease is depressive disorder.