The release of IL-1 induces the secretion of IL-6, which in turn promotes the synthesis of fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor to augment thrombosis and inhibit fibrinolysis, leading to the accumulation of thrombi in arteries.52 The critical role of IL-1 in the development of atherosclerosis highlights this cytokine as a potential target for intervention.53,54 Based on these findings, several clinical trials targeting the IL-1 signaling pathway have shown promising results (Table 1). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is atherosclerosis.