In addition, linear ASC ubiquitination is required for NLRP3 inflammasome assembly.36 NLRP3 inflammasome formation can be induced by the products of damaged cells such as ATP, crystalline substances, nucleic acids, or by pathogen-derived molecules from infection.1,3 Of note, molecules formed under pathological conditions such as high glucose, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), and cholesterol can also trigger the activation of inflammasomes (Fig.1). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and infection.