In addition to their direct effect on NK cells, myeloid cells [86] as well as on Tregs [87], TGF-β signaling has been demonstrated as a critical mediator in tumor invasion and metastasis through the action of tumor associated macrophages (TAM) that secrete growth factors, including TGF-β, which promote migration of endothelial cells and angiogenesis [88,89]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.