REN and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: HTN and T2DM are common comorbidities that are multifactorial diseases driven by many common pathogenic factors, including modifiable risk factors (obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis, and sequential inappropriate activation of renin-angiotensin system, etc.)[3,4], environmental factors, and genetic predisposition [4,34].