AKT1 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): One of the reasons why we focused our interest on EGFR-PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway is that our previous investigation, using Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) and bioinformatics utilizing a Bioconductor package, Genomic Identification of Significant Targets in Cancer (GISTIC) 2.0.23 and DAVID software, identified main actors of the PI3K-AKT pathway activated in human astrocytomas and suggested that DNA copy number alterations play important roles in its etiology and progression [7].