The importance of correct ECP secretion against pathogens lies in several studies of RNASE3 (ECP) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as studies have described an association between SNPs of RNASE3 that abolish its cytotoxic activity, with the appearance of severe or cerebral malaria (caused by Plasmodium falciparum) in populations of Ghana and Senegal respectively [59,60]. Here, RNASE3 is linked to cerebral malaria.