In a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, dehydrocostuslactone (20 mg/kg/day, orally administrated) reduced the quantity of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxidase dismutase (SOD), IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23, and once again downregulated the IL-6/STAT3 inflammatory signaling pathway, thus alleviating the colorectal damage caused by DSS [40,41,50]. Here, MPO is linked to colitis.