PINK1 and Parkinson disease: Mutations in parkin (PARK2), PINK1 (PARK6), DJ-1 (PARK7) and ATP13A2 (PARK9) have been shown to be responsible for the recessive form of adolescent PD, while mutations in SNCA (PARK1), which encodes the synuclein protein, and LRRK2 (PARK8) are responsible for the autosomal form of PD.