We conclude that NF-YA, NF-YB and, to a lesser extent, NF-YC levels were concomitantly increased in HNSCC with respect to normal tissues, and that the major isoforms expressed in tumors were NF-YC 37 kD and NF-YAs, although an increase of NF-YAl was clearly recorded. This evidence concerns the gene NFYA and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.