Of the non-coding RNAs, it may be mentioned miR-9 (inhibition of IGF-1R/Src pathway), miR-181 (a and b) and lncRNA known as CRNDE, which appear to directly or indirectly regulate molecules that are components of IGF-1 signaling in CRC, e.g., PI3K/Akt/mTor and Raf/MAPK (CRNDE transcripts) or closely interact with IGF-1 signaling, e.g., PTEN/Akt pathway, STAT1 (miR-181a) and STAT3 signaling (miR-181b). The gene discussed is PTEN; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.