Considering the nervous system, NP from cyanobacteria have a wide spectrum of action, from toxic molecules capable of neurotoxic activity, such as anatoxin-a(s) [27], to compounds with therapeutic potential for AD such as tasiamide B, an aspartate protease inhibitor of β-secretase, (BACE1) [28]. The gene discussed is BACE1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.