Alongside the metabolic changes reported, the molecular response that characterizes pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure is commonly associated with a reactivation of well-described fetal genes, including atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP) as well as the sarcomeric β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), while α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) are diminished [29]. The gene discussed is NPPA; the disease is cardiac hypertrophy.