RIGI and infection: Of note, inoculation with the pathogenic J167 induced antiviral responses mediated by the activation of C-type lectin, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like, and Toll-like receptor signalling pathways (p = 6.79 × 10−5, p = 5.19 × 10−5, p = 8.81 × 10−4 and p = 8.81 × 10−4, respectively; Figure 4), but these pathways were only activated late in the infection process (12hpi) and were not over-represented for the non-pathogenic isolate.