PDCD1 and melanoma: The majority of published studies have indicated either a confirmed PFS or OS benefit for dermatologic toxicities (especially for hypopigmentation) or no benefit at all; a retrospective study of melanoma patients treated with anti-PD1 reported OS benefit in patients with irAEs but in the multivariate analysis only ≥ grade 3 toxicities remained a significant confounder for OS [23,24].