Indeed, it has been shown that both high and low caloric intake during the perinatal stage induces changes in the number of orexigenic/anorexigenic neurons, affects the hypothalamic signaling of leptin and insulin, and DNA methylation of hypothalamic genes that are implicated in the future risk of metabolic disease in the offspring [9,34,35,36,37,38]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and metabolic disease.