Since 2015, anti-programmed death 1 (PD1) or anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy has emerged as a gold-standard treatment for first- or second-line treatment of stage IV NSCLC, either in monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, after several clinical trials demonstrated their benefits over chemotherapy in second and then first-line treatment (Table 2). Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.