These previous studies investigating an IL-1 receptor antagonist or an IL-1β monoclonal antibody, such as anakinra and canakinumab, respectively, have demonstrated that IL-1β blockade prevents and partially reverses cardiac diastolic and systolic dysfunction in a variety of animal models, as well as being associated with a reduced incidence of HF and HF hospitalizations in patients with AMI [8,14,27]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is hydrops fetalis.