Recent studies using single-cell RNAseq have shown both the regional depletion of AT2 cells and abnormal activation of cellular senescence and senescence-related signaling pathways such as p53 signaling, mitochondria dysfunction, and oxidative stress, in the fibrotic region of IPF explant tissue [27,49,50], also evidenced by increased SA-β-gal signaling and the expression of p16 and p21 in SFTPC-positive AT2 cells. The gene discussed is CDKN1A; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.