NFKB1 and Sepsis: Piplartine suppresses the production of TNF-α and IL-6 and inhibits the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) against proinflammatory responses and extracellular regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 by LPS-activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells [10]; however, the anti-inflammatory effects of piplartine on LPS-activated macrophages and LPS-induced sepsis remain unclear.