CSF1 and neoplasm: For instance, tumor cell-derived C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) lead to increased infiltration of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which, in turn, enhances angiogenesis by inducing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression [45,46].