In agreement with these findings, we have recently demonstrated that anakinra can reduce inflammation in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a congenital immunodeficiency characterized by mutations in components of the NADPH oxidase with reduced generation of reactive oxidative species (ROS), resulting in defective microbial killing by phagocytes and increased susceptibility to infection [8]. This evidence concerns the gene FMO5 and chronic granulomatous disease.