TLR2 and gram-positive bacterial infections: Using a mixture of the TLR2 ligands MALP2 and Pam3CSK4 to mimic the respiratory pro-inflammatory response induced by Gram-positive bacterial infections, we demonstrated D. pigrum 040417 enhanced the levels IFN-γ, IFN-β, and IL-10 in the respiratory tract and reduced the lung injury markers after the activation of TLR2 in infant mice.