In a clinical study, six melanoma patients with resected tumors (stage III n = 4; stage IV n = 2 patients) were vaccinated with long peptides derived from 20 neoantigens/mutations per patient along with an adjuvant mixture that consisted of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA-5) [104]. Here, IFIH1 is linked to melanoma.