Direct effects of insulin resistance/hyperglycemia on the myocardium may contribute to a condition generally referred to as diabetic cardiomyopathy, including mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, production of advanced glycosylation end products, impaired calcium homeostasis, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activation, and microvascular dysfunction [5]. This evidence concerns the gene REN and Insulin resistance.