CDKN2A and neoplasm: The pooled ORs showed a significant association between specific tumor-related genes and HNC risk: p16 (3.75; 95% CI = 2.51–5.60), MGMT (5.72; 95% CI = 3.00–10.91), DAPK (5.34; 95% CI = 2.18–13.10), TIMP3 (3.42; 95% CI = 1.99–5.88), and RASSF1A (7.69; 95% CI = 3.88–15.23).