In fact, hyperhomocysteinemia increases inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) synthesis and ROS production [196], associated with SOD inactivation [197,198], so generating important quantities of peroxynitrite [196,199] and, therefore, contributing to nitrative stress which induces severe damage to proteins, lipids and DNA [200,201,202]. This evidence concerns the gene NOS2 and hyperhomocysteinemia.