NOS3 and fetal growth restriction: In a rat model of IUGR induced by impaired maternal nutrition, Grandvuillemin et al. observed as early as at 5 weeks after birth, an impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in response to acetylcholine in the IUGR group, due to an upregulation of the arginase pathway and eNOS uncoupling, whereas no elevation in arterial blood pressure was observed at this age [247].