Interestingly, this study also examined insulin-stimulated mitochondrial function (4, 40, 100 nM/L ex vivo insulin stimulation before respiratory measurement on skeletal muscle biopsy) and showed that insulin stimulation had no effect on respiration in the T2D group and non-diabetic obese controls, while lean controls had an increase in respiration following insulin stimulation. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.