TGFB1 and neoplasm: Furthermore, it seems that during tumor progression TGF-β acts differently, not only in correlation to the stage in carcinogenesis, but also according to the different reactivity of the tumor cells; this response may be associated with various factors, independently or related to TGF-β and its receptor expression, the availability of downstream signaling components, evasion of the immune response, stimulation of inflammation, and recruitment of cells that promote tumor growth [4].