In a large study, the presence of AGA antibodies (GM1, GM2, GM3, asialo-GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GD3, GT1b, GQ1b) was tested using a standard ELISA method and thin layer chromatography in a large cohort of patients with SLE over a long period of time. The gene discussed is AGA; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.