TNF and COVID-19: Therefore, the severity of COVID-19 has been strongly associated with the volume of hypercytokinemia, referring to interleukins IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, TNF-alpha, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), IFN-γ-induced protein 10 kDa/CXCL10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α, both in serum and affected tissues [12,19].