We found that combination VTP plus PD-1 inhibition plus OX40 agonist (VTP+OX40+PD-1) treatment inhibits immune suppression by reducing the intratumor prevalence of regulatory T cells (Tregs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and, especially, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.